Combined ballot

See Also:   Information for the County of Sonoma
(Elections Office, local League of Women Voters, links to other county election sites)

Governor

• Arnold Schwarzenegger, Republican
  4,261,248 votes 56.1%
• Phil Angelides, Democratic
  2,956,489 votes 38.9%
• Peter Miguel Camejo, Green
  173,318 votes 2.3%
• Art Olivier, Libertarian
  100,523 votes 1.4%
• Janice Jordan, Peace and Freedom
  59,504 votes 0.7%
• Edward C. Noonan, American Independent
  52,660 votes 0.6%
• Elisha Shapiro, Independent (Write-in)
• Vibert Greene, Independent (Write-in)
• James E. Harris, Independent (Write-in)
• Dealphria Christina Tarver, Independent (Write-in)
• Robert C. Newman, II, Republican (Write-in)
• Donald "Dr Don" Etkes, Independent (Write-in)

Lieutenant Governor

• John Garamendi, Democratic
  3,673,027 votes 49.2%
• Tom McClintock, Republican
  3,378,791 votes 45.3%
• Donna J. Warren, Green
  203,434 votes 2.8%
• Lynnette Shaw, Libertarian
  122,297 votes 1.6%
• Jim King, American Independent
  59,598 votes 0.7%
• Stewart A. Alexander, Peace and Freedom
  37,211 votes 0.4%

Secretary of State

• Debra Bowen, Democratic
  3,541,949 votes 48.2%
• Bruce McPherson, Republican
  3,306,626 votes 45.0%
• Forrest Hill, Green
  154,791 votes 2.2%
• Gail K. Lightfoot, Libertarian
  149,738 votes 2.0%
• Glenn McMillon, Jr., American Independent
  118,518 votes 1.6%
• Margie Akin, Peace and Freedom
  77,982 votes 1.0%

Controller

• John Chiang, Democratic
  3,713,780 votes 50.7%
• Tony Strickland, Republican
  2,954,128 votes 40.3%
• Laura Wells, Green
  222,222 votes 3.1%
• Elizabeth Cervantes Barron, Peace and Freedom
  183,287 votes 2.5%
• Donna Tello, Libertarian
  164,795 votes 2.2%
• Warren Mark Campbell, American Independent
  92,655 votes 1.2%

Treasurer

• Bill Lockyer, Democratic
  3,970,555 votes 54.5%
• Claude Parrish, Republican
  2,721,353 votes 37.3%
• Marian Smithson, Libertarian
  290,982 votes 4.0%
• Mehul M. Thakker, Green
  170,430 votes 2.3%
• E. Justin Noonan, American Independent
  81,162 votes 1.1%
• Gerald Sanders, Peace and Freedom
  61,661 votes 0.8%

Attorney General

• Jerry Brown, Democratic
  4,167,439 votes 56.3%
• Chuck Poochigian, Republican
  2,831,519 votes 38.3%
• Michael S. Wyman, Green
  166,065 votes 2.3%
• Kenneth A. Weissman, Libertarian
  155,213 votes 2.0%
• Jack Harrison, Peace and Freedom
  86,593 votes 1.1%

Insurance Commissioner

• Steve Poizner, Republican
  3,718,911 votes 51.0%
• Cruz M. Bustamante, Democratic
  2,810,416 votes 38.5%
• Dale F. Ogden, Libertarian
  267,695 votes 3.7%
• Larry Cafiero, Green
  232,035 votes 3.1%
• Tom Condit, Peace and Freedom
  161,232 votes 2.2%
• Jay Earl Burden, American Independent
  111,077 votes 1.5%

Board of Equalization

State Board of Equalization; District 1

• Betty T. Yee, Democratic
  1,275,356 votes 64.6%
• David J. Neighbors, Republican
  584,634 votes 29.7%
• Kennita Watson, Libertarian
  57,876 votes 2.9%
• David Campbell, Peace and Freedom
  57,111 votes 2.8%

US Senate

United States Senator

• Dianne Feinstein, Democratic
  4,445,123 votes 59.5%
• Richard "Dick" Mountjoy, Republican
  2,630,300 votes 35.2%
• Todd Chretien, Green
  124,507 votes 1.7%
• Michael S. Metti, Libertarian
  116,720 votes 1.5%
• Marsha Feinland, Peace and Freedom
  101,021 votes 1.3%
• Don J. Grundmann, American Independent
  65,614 votes 0.8%
• Jeffrey Mackler, Independent (Write-in)
• Lea Sherman, Independent (Write-in)
• Connor Vlakancic, Independent (Write-in)
• Kent P. Mesplay, Green (Write-in)

US Representative

United States Representative; District 1

• Mike Thompson, Democratic
  111,650 votes 66.1%
• John W. Jones, Republican
  49,663 votes 29.4%
• Pamela Elizondo, Green
  5,164 votes 3.0%
• Timothy J. Stock, Peace and Freedom
  2,686 votes 1.5%
• Carol Wolman, Independent (Write-in)

United States Representative; District 6

• Lynn Woolsey, Democratic
  127,777 votes 69.3%
• Todd Hooper, Republican
  50,061 votes 27.1%
• Richard W. Friesen, Libertarian
  6,802 votes 3.6%
• Michael Halliwell, Republican (Write-in)

State Senate

State Senator; District 2

• Patricia "Pat" Wiggins, Democratic
  148,137 votes 65.3%
• Lawrence R. Wiesner, Republican
  78,895 votes 34.7%

State Assembly

Member of the State Assembly; District 1

• Patty Berg, Democratic
  76,852 votes 64.0%
• Ray Tyrone, Republican
  37,870 votes 31.6%
• Thomas T. Reed, Libertarian
  5,371 votes 4.4%
• Robert V. "Bob" Parker, Independent (Write-in)

Member of the State Assembly; District 6

• Jared Huffman, Democratic
  77,508 votes 64.9%
• Michael Hartnett, Republican
  33,538 votes 28.1%
• Cat Woods, Green
  5,099 votes 4.2%
• Richard Olmstead, Libertarian
  3,382 votes 2.8%

Member of the State Assembly; District 7

• Noreen M. Evans, Democratic
  80,265 votes 100.0%
• Raylene Wiesner, Republican (Write-in)

Judicial

California State Supreme Court (Yes/No)

• Joyce L. Kennard
  74.5% Yes (3,870,014) 25.5% No (1,323,418)
• Carol A. Corrigan
  74.4% Yes (3,790,356) 25.6% No (1,307,174)

California State Court of Appeal; District 1, Division 1 (Yes/No)

• Sandra Margulies
  78.5% Yes (685,408) 21.5% No (188,099)
• James J. Marchiano
  76.6% Yes (668,751) 23.4% No (203,913)

California State Court of Appeal; District 1, Division 2 (Yes/No)

• James A. Richman
  75.1% Yes (633,074) 24.9% No (209,541)
• Paul R. Haerle
  74.2% Yes (627,667) 25.8% No (217,751)

California State Court of Appeal; District 1, Division 3 (Yes/No)

• William R. McGuiness
  76.6% Yes (650,364) 23.4% No (198,397)
• Peter Siggins
  74.1% Yes (620,425) 25.9% No (217,302)

California State Court of Appeal; District 1, Division 4 (Yes/No)

• Maria P. Rivera
  77.0% Yes (655,793) 23.0% No (195,861)
• Patricia K. Sepulveda
  77.2% Yes (654,488) 22.8% No (193,405)
• Ignazio John Ruvolo
  73.3% Yes (618,337) 26.7% No (225,334)

California State Court of Appeal; District 1, Division 5 (Yes/No)

• Barbara Jones
  79.8% Yes (680,320) 20.2% No (172,538)

Board Member; Sonoma County Junior College District - Sebastopol Area

• B. Robert Burdo
  16,209 votes 65.3%
• Steve Benjamin
  8,521 votes 34.3%
• (90 Total Write-In Votes 0.4%)

Board Member; Sonoma County Junior College District - Santa Rosa Area

• Don Zumwalt
  35,643 votes 66.8%
• Nick W. Caston
  17,473 votes 32.8%
• (227 Total Write-In Votes 0.4%)

Board Member; Sonoma County Junior College District - Sonoma Area

• Jeff Kunde
  12,977 votes 52.9%
• Mike Smith
  11,507 votes 46.9%
• (65 Total Write-In Votes 0.3%)

Board Member; Cloverdale Unified School District (2 Elected)

• Steve Barrow
  2,099 votes 35.9%
• Joanne Argyres
  2,039 votes 34.8%
• Linda L. Pardini
  1,708 votes 29.2%
• (6 Total Write-In Votes 0.1%)

Board Member; Geyserville Unified School District

• Anna Felciano
  346 votes 53.8%
• Bobbi Lee Halvorsen
  297 votes 46.2%

Board Member; Windsor Unified School District (3 Elected)

• Sandra L. Dobbins
  4,715 votes 22.8%
• Heather Anne Cullen
  3,193 votes 15.4%
• Katy Dillwood
  2,518 votes 12.2%
• Jason Higashi
  2,396 votes 11.6%
• Todd E. Fletcher
  2,293 votes 11.1%
• Paul Wood
  2,091 votes 10.1%
• Brent Anderson
  1,473 votes 7.1%
• Sheridan L. Peterson
  1,167 votes 5.6%
• Sherri Kahn
  836 votes 4.0%
• (27 Total Write-In Votes 0.1%)

Board Member, 4 Year; West Sonoma County Union High School District (3 Elected)

• Kellie Noe
  13,030 votes 32.5%
• Susan Devoto
  11,149 votes 27.8%
• Jeanne Bassett Fernandes
  9,007 votes 22.5%
• David S. Stecher
  6,796 votes 17.0%
• (53 Total Write-In Votes 0.1%)

Board Member; West Sonoma County Union High School District

• Jeffrey M. Diamond
  10,722 votes 64.9%
• John Durr
  5,725 votes 34.7%
• (70 Total Write-In Votes 0.4%)

Board Member; Bellevue Union School District (3 Elected)

• Kathy Mullins
  1,703 votes 24.7%
• Lisa Reyes
  1,646 votes 23.9%
• Carol L. Montoya
  1,352 votes 19.6%
• Tonia Faber-Kelly
  1,181 votes 17.1%
• Primo R. Galban, Jr.
  984 votes 14.3%
• (27 Total Write-In Votes 0.4%)

Board Member; Rincon Valley Union School District (3 Elected)

• Cynthia Fulton Evers
  8,507 votes 27.5%
• Tom Ford
  7,956 votes 25.7%
• Christopher Rafanelli
  7,670 votes 24.8%
• Del Reid
  6,710 votes 21.7%
• (61 Total Write-In Votes 0.2%)

Board Member; Wright School District (3 Elected)

• Carolyn Dixon
  2,235 votes 27.5%
• Stan Greenberg
  2,026 votes 25.0%
• Robert Giffin
  1,432 votes 17.6%
• Larry Heiman
  1,408 votes 17.4%
• Jim Paschal
  992 votes 12.2%
• (22 Total Write-In Votes 0.3%)

City

Council Member; City of Santa Rosa (3 Elected)

• Susan Gorin
  24,263 votes 18.9%
• Bob Blanchard
  19,695 votes 15.4%
• Veronica Jacobi
  16,606 votes 13.0%
• Don Taylor
  14,981 votes 11.7%
• Caroline Banuelos
  13,388 votes 10.4%
• David Poulsen
  10,879 votes 8.5%
• Shaun Faber
  9,907 votes 7.7%
• Jim Johnson
  7,623 votes 5.9%
• Terry Ray Tinagero
  7,336 votes 5.7%
• Chuck E. Sims, II
  3,373 votes 2.6%
• (145 Total Write-In Votes 0.1%)

Council Member; City of Cloverdale (3 Elected)

• Joe Palla
  1,914 votes 28.9%
• Bob Jehn
  1,378 votes 20.8%
• Carol Russell
  1,366 votes 20.7%
• Mary Ann Brigham
  1,116 votes 16.9%
• Gail C. Pardini-Plass
  826 votes 12.5%
• (12 Total Write-In Votes 0.2%)

City Treasurer; City of Cloverdale

• Robert Dailey
  2,063 votes 98.1%
• (40 Total Write-In Votes 1.9%)

Council Member; City of Cotati (2 Elected)

• Pat Gilardi
  1,387 votes 34.1%
• John Guardino
  1,386 votes 34.1%
• Lisa A. Moore
  1,286 votes 31.7%
• (4 Total Write-In Votes 0.1%)

Council Member; City of Healdsburg (2 Elected)

• Jim Wood
  3,026 votes 50.6%
• Eric A. Ziedrich
  2,774 votes 46.4%
• (180 Total Write-In Votes 3.0%)

Mayor; City of Petaluma

• Pamela Torliatt
  10,697 votes 51.0%
• Mike Healy
  10,218 votes 48.7%
• (53 Total Write-In Votes 0.3%)

Council Member; City of Petaluma (3 Elected)

• Mike Harris
  11,850 votes 22.7%
• David Rabbitt
  10,792 votes 20.7%
• Teresa Barrett
  10,551 votes 20.2%
• John Mills
  8,347 votes 16.0%
• Spence F. Burton
  7,248 votes 13.9%
• Tiffany Renee
  3,260 votes 6.3%
• (56 Total Write-In Votes 0.1%)

Council Member; City of Rohnert Park (2 Elected)

• Amie Breeze
  6,332 votes 35.0%
• Pam Stafford
  6,006 votes 33.2%
• Armando F. Flores
  5,665 votes 31.3%
• (77 Total Write-In Votes 0.4%)

Council Member; City of Sonoma (3 Elected)

• Steve Barbose
  2,480 votes 20.3%
• Ken Brown
  2,381 votes 19.5%
• August Sebastiani
  2,366 votes 19.4%
• Vickie Mulas
  2,166 votes 17.7%
• Douglas W. "Bikeman" McKesson
  1,716 votes 14.0%
• Gary Edwards
  1,114 votes 9.1%
• (4 Total Write-In Votes 0.0%)

Council Member; Town of Windsor (3 Elected)

• Sam Salmon
  5,571 votes 25.6%
• Robin Goble
  4,671 votes 21.5%
• Steve Allen
  3,372 votes 15.5%
• Dominic J. Foppoli
  2,690 votes 12.4%
• Julia Donoho
  2,030 votes 9.3%
• Don Neece
  1,980 votes 9.1%
• Jeff Church
  1,406 votes 6.5%
• (17 Total Write-In Votes 0.1%)

Special District

Board Member; Forestville Fire Protection District (2 Elected)

• George C. Roberts
  1,577 votes 42.7%
• Greg Kotta
  1,541 votes 41.7%
• Dennis James
  574 votes 15.5%
• (3 Total Write-In Votes 0.1%)

Board Member; Windsor Fire Protection District (2 Elected)

• John Doherty
  5,906 votes 43.7%
• Pat McDowell
  5,485 votes 40.6%
• J. B. Bryant
  2,092 votes 15.5%
• (43 Total Write-In Votes 0.3%)

Board Member; North Sonoma County Hospital District (2 Elected)

• E. J. Neil
  10,509 votes 40.7%
• Robert "Bob" Samsel
  9,277 votes 35.9%
• Tom Nardi
  5,976 votes 23.1%
• (71 Total Write-In Votes 0.3%)

Board Member; Palm Drive Health Care District (2 Elected)

• Naomi Fuchs
  9,125 votes 31.3%
• Linda J. Johnson
  8,652 votes 29.7%
• Mark Sell
  7,343 votes 25.2%
• Robb Perrone
  3,932 votes 13.5%
• (77 Total Write-In Votes 0.3%)

Board Member; Petaluma Health Care District (2 Elected)

• Josephine S. Thornton
  12,740 votes 34.2%
• David John Anderson
  11,725 votes 31.5%
• Glennon T. "Tim" Moran
  8,976 votes 24.1%
• Gregory Leno
  3,780 votes 10.1%
• (46 Total Write-In Votes 0.1%)

Board Member; Sonoma Valley Health Care District (2 Elected)

• Dick Kirk
  6,134 votes 27.2%
• Arnold J. "Arnie" Riebli
  5,203 votes 23.0%
• Michael Norton
  5,128 votes 22.7%
• Kathy "Whelan" Barnett
  4,902 votes 21.7%
• Lisa A. Hardy
  1,208 votes 5.3%
• (15 Total Write-In Votes 0.1%)

Board Member, 4 Year; Sweetwater Springs Water District (3 Elected)

• Wanda Smith
  1,518 votes 27.9%
• Kenneth McLean
  1,453 votes 26.7%
• Gaylord R. Schaap
  1,261 votes 23.2%
• Jim Quigley
  1,173 votes 21.6%
• (28 Total Write-In Votes 0.5%)

Proposition 1A Transportation Funding Protection
Pass: 5,607,554 / 76.9% Yes votes ...... 1,686,478 / 23.1% No votes

Should the California Constitution be amended to further protect the state sales tax revenues for transportation purposes from general-purpose use and require any funds borrowed to be repaid to the transportation fund?

Proposition 1B Highway Safety, Traffic Reduction, Air Quality, and Port Security
Pass: 4,475,784 / 61.2% Yes votes ...... 2,835,618 / 38.8% No votes

Should the state sell $19.9 billion in general obligation bonds to fund state and local transportation improvement projects to relieve congestion, improve movement of goods, improve air quality, and enhance safety and security of the transportation system?

Proposition 1C Housing and Emergency Shelter Trust Fund Act of 2006
Pass: 4,197,435 / 57.4% Yes votes ...... 3,115,894 / 42.6% No votes

Should the state sell $2.9 billion in general obligation bonds to fund housing for lower-income residents and development in urban areas near public transportation?

Proposition 1D Kindergarten-University Public Education Facilities
Pass: 4,143,502 / 56.5% Yes votes ...... 3,187,911 / 43.5% No votes

Should the state sell $10.4 billion in general obligation bonds to fund repair and upgrade of public schools, including kindergarten through grade 12, community colleges, and state universities?

Proposition 1E Disaster Preparedness and Flood Prevention
Pass: 4,638,636 / 64.0% Yes votes ...... 2,613,728 / 36.0% No votes

Should the state sell $4.1 billion in general obligation bonds to finance disaster preparedness and flood prevention projects at the state and local levels?

Proposition 83 Sex Offenders. Sexually Violent Predators. Punishment, Residence Restrictions and Monitoring
Pass: 5,200,908 / 70.5% Yes votes ...... 2,176,147 / 29.5% No votes

Should California amend existing laws relating to violent and habitual sex offenders and child molesters to increase penalties and monitoring?

Proposition 84 Water Quality, Safety and Supply. Flood Control. Natural Resource Protection. Park Improvements
Pass: 3,879,523 / 53.7% Yes votes ...... 3,351,357 / 46.3% No votes

Should the state issue $5.4 billion in bonds for a wide variety of projects related to water safety, rivers, beaches, levees, watersheds, and parks and forests?

Proposition 85 Waiting Period and Parental Notification Before Termination of Minor's Pregnancy
Fail: 3,405,458 / 46.0% Yes votes ...... 4,000,442 / 54.0% No votes

Should the California Constitution be amended to require notification of the parent or legal guardian of an unemancipated pregnant minor at least 48 hours before performing an abortion?

Proposition 86 Tax on Cigarettes
Fail: 3,607,506 / 48.0% Yes votes ...... 3,902,558 / 52.0% No votes

Should the state impose an additional tax of $2.60 per cigarette pack to fund new and expanded health services, health insurance for children, and expand tobacco use prevention programs?

Proposition 87 Alternative Energy. Research, Production, Incentives. Tax on California Oil Producers
Fail: 3,372,394 / 45.3% Yes votes ...... 4,079,106 / 54.7% No votes

Should California establish a $4 billion Clean Alternative Energy Program to reduce California's oil and gasoline consumption by 25 percent through incentives for alternative energy, education, and training?

Proposition 88 Education Funding. Real Property Parcel Tax
Fail: 1,687,614 / 23.1% Yes votes ...... 5,631,590 / 76.9% No votes

Should the California Constitution be amended to levy an annual $50 real property tax on most parcels with the funds allocated to five K-12 education programs?

Proposition 89 Political Campaigns. Public Financing. Corporate Tax Increase. Campaign Contribution and Expenditure Limits
Fail: 1,847,919 / 25.5% Yes votes ...... 5,394,826 / 74.5% No votes

Should eligible candidates for state elective offices receive public campaign funding that is supported by new taxes on corporations and financial institutions, and should contribution limits be imposed on those candidates that do not receive public campaign funding?

Proposition 90 Government Acquisition, Regulation of Private Property
Fail: 3,456,431 / 47.7% Yes votes ...... 3,790,344 / 52.3% No votes

Should the California Constitution be amended to require government to pay property owners for substantial economic losses resulting from some new laws and rules, and limit government authority to take ownership of private property?

Measure A Tax -- Shoreline Joint Unified School District (Qualified Special Tax Assessment for Educational Programs - 2/3 Approval Required)
Fail: 640 / 61.4% Yes votes ...... 403 / 38.6% No votes

To maintain existing school programs and improve the quality of education; to provide funds to buy updated textbooks and materials for math, reading, and writing courses; and to enhance critical computer science, library, and arts programs, shall the Shoreline Unified School District extend the existing $151.82 a year parcel tax, increasing annually at 4%, for no more than six years?

Measure F Tax -- County of Sonoma (Open Space, Clean Water and Farmland Protection Measure - 2/3 Approval Required)
Pass: 126,570 / 75.7% Yes votes ...... 40,528 / 24.3% No votes

To preserve natural lands from development; protect working farms and ranches; protect drinking water sources; improve water quality in lakes, rivers and streams; create and improve parks and trails; and preserve the coastline and beaches, shall the current quarter-cent sales tax, funding the Sonoma County Agricultural Preservation & Open Space District, be continued for twenty years, and bonds authorized to finance projects, with required independent audits and citizen oversight without increasing taxes?

Measure G Transient Occupancy Tax -- City of Cotati (Majority Approval Required)
Fail: 902 / 36.0% Yes votes ...... 1,604 / 64.0% No votes

Shall the ordinance increasing the Transient Occupancy Tax from ten (10) percent to twelve (12) percent be adopted?

Measure H Advisory Vote -- City of Petaluma (Casino - Majority Approval Required)
Pass: 16,389 / 79.2% Yes votes ...... 4,294 / 20.8% No votes

Shall the Petaluma City Council take all lawful steps to oppose gaming on approximately 277 acres of land south of Petaluma between Highway 101 and the Petaluma River opposite Kastania Road, including: opposing the United States placing such property into trust for the Dry Creek Rancheria Band of Pomo Indians; and urging all other governmental officials with authority concerning gaming on such property to oppose such gaming consistent with the will of the voters?

Measure I Tax -- Gold Ridge Fire Protection District (2/3 Approval Required)
4,793 / 66.6% Yes votes ...... 2,407 / 33.4% No votes

Shall Ordinance No. 06-07-1-R of the Gold Ridge Fire Protection District (i) authorizing it to impose and levy a new special tax having a maximum rate of $40.00 per first dwelling and $20 per additional dwelling for residential property and $80 per first business and $40 per additional business for commercial property to assist in meeting costs of providing services and exercising other rights and powers, and (ii) increasing appropriations limit to permit spending tax revenues be approved?

Measure J Tax -- Rancho Adobe Fire Protection District (2/3 Approval Required)
Fail: 4,585 / 64.0% Yes votes ...... 2,574 / 36.0% No votes

Shall the Rancho Adobe Fire Protection District levy a maximum special tax of $6.25 per unit of risk each year for 15 years (through fiscal year 2021-22) to repay bonds issued for its Community Facilities District No. 2006-1 to finance purchase and rehabilitation of fire equipment and facilities (including 5 new fire trucks and repairs to the District's three fire stations), and shall the maximum bond amount and appropriations limit be $2,100,000?

Measure K Tax -- Windsor Fire Protection District (2/3 Approval Required)
Pass: 6,537 / 69.3% Yes votes ...... 2,895 / 30.7% No votes

Shall Windsor Fire Protection District Ordinance No. 2006-01 be approved authorizing the District to, (a) impose and levy an additional special tax with a maximum rate (subject to adjustment for inflation) of $.04/sq. ft. for residential properties, from $.05 to $.09/sq. ft. for commercial and industrial properties, and $36 for mobile home spaces and vacant parcels, and (b) increase its appropriations limit?

Measure R Quarter Cent Sales Tax -- Sonoma Marin Area Rail Transit District (2/3 Approval Required)
Pass: 118,382 / 70.1% Yes votes ...... 50,505 / 29.9% No votes

Shall an ordinance be adopted authorizing the Sonoma-Marin Area Rail Transit District (SMART) to construct, operate, and maintain a passenger rail project and bicycle/pedestrian pathway on publicly owned right-of-way, from Cloverdale in Sonoma County, to Larkspur in Marin County, with a connection to the Larkspur - San Francisco ferry; imposing a 1/4 cent sales tax for 20 years; establishing a Citizens Oversight Committee; and establishing an annual spending cap?